Introduction to Computer

what is computer?

Computer is an ...

• Electronic device used to
• store,
• retrieve, and
• manipulate the data

Benefits of using computers:

• Speed
• Accuracy
• Consistency
• Storage capacity and
• Flexibility

Basic Components or UNIT:

Input devices:

• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Scanner
• Joystick

Output devices:

• Monitor
• Printer
• Plotter

Inside the CPU:

Microprocessor

Memory

Bus

Expansion slots

Microprocessor:

• Performs numerical computations
• Logical comparisons
• Transfers data, addresses and control signals using buses

Memory:

To store the

• Data
• Instruction
• Intermediate and final results

Components of memory:

Primary Memory components:

1. RAM (Random Access Memory)

Temporary, Volatile Memory, memory will lost if shutdown happens.

2. ROM (Read Only Memory)

Permanent Memory, we can Read it, but can't erase or modify it.

Secondary Memory Components;

• Hard Disk
• Compact Disc (CD)
• Floppy Disc
• USB (Universal Serial Bus )

BUS:

• used to transfer the data’s
• Act as a interface between devices like hard disk, CD Device, etc...

Built-in programs:

The programs was written in the ROM at the time of mother board manufacturing

Expansion Slot:

To upgrade the PC the expansion slots were used.

for eg, if you want to upgrade your sound effects, then use one more sound card,and the provision to insert TV tuner card also a expansion slot.

Basic technical terms:

Hardware:

Electrical,Mechanical and Electronic parts is called hardware.

Software:

Software - Set of interconnected program

program - Set of instruction

Instruction - what is to be done and how the work is to be done.

Firmware:

Embedded software (hardware +software)

A software written for an electronic device to work